Our Work

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder resulting from interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors during critical periods of brain developmen…

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder resulting from interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors during critical periods of brain development. Increasing evidence implicates environmental neurotoxicants, particularly toxic metals and pesticides, in ASD risk through oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, blood–brain barrier impairment, epigenetic alterations, and persistent neuroinflammation. Neuroimmune dysregulation, including chronic microglial and astrocyte activation, cytokine imbalance, and altered peripheral immune responses, may contribute to abnormal neuronal development and connectivity. These effects may be amplified by gene–environment interactions, increasing individual susceptibility. This review summarizes epidemiological and experimental evidence linking toxic metals and pesticides to ASD, with emphasis on molecular and neuroimmune mechanisms, emerging biomarkers, and preventive strategies. Despite advances in understanding these pathways, causal relationships and clinical translation remain challenging. Integrating epidemiology, toxicology, molecular neuroscience, and multi-omics approaches may help identify susceptible populations, validate biomarkers, and improve targeted prevention and early intervention.

This zenodo record contains data accompanying the paper "Canopy temperatures in computationally expensive crop models: a resource-efficient emulator approach applied in LPJmL (version 5.9.18)" submitt…

This zenodo record contains data accompanying the paper "Canopy temperatures in computationally expensive crop models: a resource-efficient emulator approach applied in LPJmL (version 5.9.18)" submitted to GMD (Hemmen et al., 2025).  The data are used in this study, in which an emulator approach is developed to simulate canopy temperatures in global crop models. The developed approach is applied and tested in the dynamic global vegetation model LPJmL. For a global evaluation, the canopy temperatures simulated with LPJmL are compared to ERA5 skin temperatures based on data provided by the Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store (Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2023); Hersbach et al. (2023), https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.adbb2d47), that have been released for use under the CC-BY licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This zenodo record contains the respective processed files in .nc format. Based on the downloaded original hourly ERA5 data from the Copernicus Climate Change Service, the files provided here have been temporally and spatially aggregated (using CDO). The provided file archive includes daily mean and maximum skin and 2 m air temperatures (both in [K]) for 67420 cells  (0.5° resolution) for the year 1990.  Attribution Copernicus programme: Generated using or contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.  The dataset provided in this zenodo record is released for use under the CC-BY licence. A summary of the licence is provided under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The full legal code is provided under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.

A curator-in-the-loop web application for building molecular Adverse Outcome Pathways — the layer connecting the Key Events of an AOP to the molecular pathways and processes that underlie them.C…

A curator-in-the-loop web application for building molecular Adverse Outcome Pathways — the layer connecting the Key Events of an AOP to the molecular pathways and processes that underlie them.Candidate WikiPathways pathways, Gene Ontology Biological Process and Molecular Function terms, and Reactome pathways are ranked by BioBERT semantic similarity to the Key Event. A curator assigns a confidence level through a structured rubric, and an administrator approves each mapping before it enters the public REST API. Approved mappings are exportable as GMT (for fgsea and clusterProfiler), RDF/Turtle with full curation provenance, CSV and JSON, and are consumed downstream by the Molecular AOP Analyser.This record archives the application source code, under GPL-2.0-only. The curated mapping dataset it produces is a separate Zenodo deposit with its own concept DOI, 10.5281/zenodo.20184643, released under CC0 1.0 — except Key Event titles, which are reproduced from AOP-Wiki under CC BY-SA 4.0. Cite the software if you ran, self-hosted or extended the application; cite the dataset if you analysed the mappings.A live instance runs at molaop-builder.vhp4safety.nl.Funding. Part of the VHP4Safety project, funded by the Dutch Research Council (NWO, ROR 04jsz6e67) under the Netherlands Research Agenda: Research on Routes by Consortia programme, grant NWA-ORC 1292.19.272.

Mazkur maqolada o‘qituvchi kasbiy faoliyatida pedagogik nazokat va odob-axloqning ahamiyati, uning ta’lim-tarbiya jarayonidagi o‘rni hamda pedagogning o‘quvchilar, ota-onalar v…

Mazkur maqolada o‘qituvchi kasbiy faoliyatida pedagogik nazokat va odob-axloqning ahamiyati, uning ta’lim-tarbiya jarayonidagi o‘rni hamda pedagogning o‘quvchilar, ota-onalar va hamkasblar bilan munosabatlarida namoyon bo‘lish xususiyatlari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, pedagogik nazokatning o‘qituvchi kasbiy mahorati, pedagogik muloqot madaniyati va ta’lim samaradorligiga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. O‘qituvchining shaxsiy namunasi, muomala madaniyati, adolatli munosabati va axloqiy mas’uliyati barkamol avlodni tarbiyalashning muhim omili sifatida ko‘rib chiqiladi.

Este conjunto de datos contiene  860 perfiles de investigadores vinculados principalmente con instituciones académicas, científicas y de investigación de Panamá, compl…

Este conjunto de datos contiene  860 perfiles de investigadores vinculados principalmente con instituciones académicas, científicas y de investigación de Panamá, complementada con indicadores bibliométricos procedentes de perfiles de Google Scholar. Los datos contiene 24 variables que permiten caracterizar a los investigadores desde cuatro dimensiones principales: identificación del perfil académico, afiliación institucional y pertenencia al Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), caracterización temática de su actividad científica e indicadores de producción e impacto. Entre las variables disponibles se encuentran el nombre del investigador, institución u organismo de afiliación, provincia, género, pertenencia y categoría dentro del SNI, área de conocimiento, área de especialidad, nivel académico, identificador del perfil de Google Scholar y palabras clave o intereses de investigación. El componente bibliométrico incluye el número total de citaciones, citaciones desde 2016, índice h, índice h correspondiente al corte temporal del conjunto, índice i10, índice i10 desde 2016, número total de publicaciones e índice g. El conjunto contiene perfiles pertenecientes a 49 organismos o instituciones diferentes. Las instituciones con mayor representación son la Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá, con 325 perfiles, Universidad de Panamá, con 238, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, con 50, la Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, con 48, y el Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología, con 46. De los 860 perfiles, 140 están identificados como miembros del Sistema Nacional de Investigación, distribuidos principalmente entre las categorías Investigador Nacional I, Investigador Distinguido e Investigador Nacional II.

This data set contains thermographic images for the visualisation of watermarks. An IRCAM Equus 327k with Watermark Imager software (Fraunhofer) version 8.416 (R2016b) was used.

 В работе рассматривается взаимосвязь между уровнем инфляции и  экономическим ростом с использованием методов эконометрического анализа. Основная цель исследования заключается в определении …

 В работе рассматривается взаимосвязь между уровнем инфляции и  экономическим ростом с использованием методов эконометрического анализа. Основная цель исследования заключается в определении характера и силы  влияния изменения уровня цен на динамику валового внутреннего продукта. Для  анализа может быть использована регрессионная модель, позволяющая  количественно оценить зависимость между рассматриваемыми показателями.

Core Overview The paper is an institutional technology-policy Perspective article titled "Beyond Timelines: Enforcement Velocity for Post-Quantum Readiness—AI Governance as a Comparative Case". …

Core Overview The paper is an institutional technology-policy Perspective article titled "Beyond Timelines: Enforcement Velocity for Post-Quantum Readiness—AI Governance as a Comparative Case". Written by Isaac Khor Eng Gian from EGK Microelectronic Solutions Group Sdn. Bhd. in Penang, Malaysia, the manuscript addresses the operational and systemic bottlenecks of transitioning distributed infrastructure to post-quantum cryptography (PQC). The paper introduces a structural "enforcement-velocity" framework to diagnose how fast an abstract technological requirement or standard can be translated into verifiable, sustained operational updates. It uses the regulatory roll-out of the EU Artificial Intelligence Act as a functional comparative case to reveal how formal legal or policy timelines frequently advance much faster than the institutional mechanisms needed to verify and act on complex data evidence.     Key Structural Pillars & Diagnostic Concepts The Problem with PQC Timelines: Traditional quantum readiness frameworks fixate on predicting when a cryptographically relevant quantum computer (CRQC) will arrive. This paper argues that readiness is a lifecycle problem of institutional execution time—specifically, how long it takes to discover, prioritize, re-engineer, procure, and validate cryptographic components across a heterogeneous ecosystem. The Five Dimensions of Enforcement Velocity: The framework analyzes five variables that constrain an organization’s or nation's technological transition speed: Legal or Policy Basis: The underlying authority mandating the change (such as local statutes or custom supply contracts). Technical Specification: The clarity and reproducibility of the testing standard. Institutional Capacity: The headcount, specialized expertise, and escalation routes of the engineering or auditing teams. Verification Capability: The availability of deep inventory tools, audit trails, and supplier declarations. Observed Implementation Behaviour: Tangible code modifications and configuration maintenance. The Bottleneck Principle (\(R_{\text{min}}\)): The text asserts that transition readiness is bound to an absolute weakest link. High legal backing or mature cryptographic algorithms (such as FIPS 203, 204, and 205) are entirely limited if an organization lacks an active, machine-readable cryptographic inventory to locate its indirect software dependencies. The Two-Clock Model and Irreversibility: The paper sets a "governance clock" (the time required to complete migration steps) against a "technology-risk clock" (the lifespan of the data). This is critical due to Harvest-Now-Decrypt-Later (HNDL) risks: data captured by adversaries today cannot be retroactively protected by a future cryptographic patch. Urgency must therefore track an asset's required secrecy lifetime, not a speculative quantum deadline.     Macroeconomic Prescriptions for Technology-Dependent Economies The perspective shifts national strategy away from attempting to manufacture frontier chips or source code from scratch, proposing instead that middle-tier nations (specifically mapping to Malaysia and the ASEAN region) secure their positions by mastering the technical translation layer: Enforce Procurement Governance: Embed strict constraints into technology sourcing models, forcing upstream vendors to disclose nested cryptographic dependencies, guarantee software-update architectures, and provide verifiable crypto-agility records before hardware is installed. Stand Up Interdisciplinary Testing Tracks: Standardize automated verification baselines and joint PQC testing environments to handle protocol negotiations, firmware qualification cycles, and certificate validations across long-lived physical hardware elements like telecommunications infrastructure and automotive chips.