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Code and shared data behind the BIG IF TRUE article on summer nights in southern Europe (English and Italian editions). check_numbers.py recomputes every number the article prints from the shared data…

Code and shared data behind the BIG IF TRUE article on summer nights in southern Europe (English and Italian editions). check_numbers.py recomputes every number the article prints from the shared data (64 checks); the figure scripts redraw all six figures, in both languages, from the shared data. Hours of relief: of the eight coldest hours of each month's average daily cycle, how many stay below 20 °C; June–August, 1980–1989 against 2020–2025, ERA5-Land at 0.1°, population-weighted with Eurostat's 2021 census grid. Article: https://bigiftruebits.substack.com/p/tropical-nights (also at bigiftruebits.github.io/bit-001-tropical-nights/article.html).

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a strategic tropical crop, yet root processing generates large solid and liquid residue streams, approximately 200–300 kg of solids and about 600 L of manio…

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a strategic tropical crop, yet root processing generates large solid and liquid residue streams, approximately 200–300 kg of solids and about 600 L of manioc juice (manipueira) per ton of roots, whose inadequate disposal burdens soils and water bodies. Therefore, this review synthesizes the physicochemical profiles and cyanogenic risk attributes of major residues (peels, bagasse/pulp fiber, aerial biomass, and processing effluents) and critically discusses valorization pathways, with an emphasis on livestock feeding and agricultural applications within a circular bioeconomy perspective. Evidence indicates that solid fractions rich in starch and lignocellulose can be incorporated into ruminant, swine, and poultry diets after detoxification and nutritional balancing, while also serving as substrates for bioenergy routes (e.g., second-generation ethanol and biogas) and biobased materials. The manioc juice, also known as manioc juice or manioc water, is characterized by high organic load and free cyanide, and requires controlled management; anaerobic digestion stands out for coupling methane generation with nutrient recovery and biofertilizer production. Composting/co-processing of solid residues further supports nutrient cycling, whereas emerging options (e.g., biochar-based soil amendments and advanced bioproducts) remain conditioned by process costs, moisture-driven logistics, and the lack of standardized quality and biosafety protocols. Finally, research priorities and policy levers are outlined to accelerate scale-up and regional implementation of integrated, low-cost agro-industrial systems. 

Gendered discrimination persists across societal structures, and efforts to address this inequality have been ongoing for decades. The proliferation of digital communication has transgressed physical …

Gendered discrimination persists across societal structures, and efforts to address this inequality have been ongoing for decades. The proliferation of digital communication has transgressed physical boundaries of harassment, creating new forms of online abuse. Harmful behaviors such as non-consensual image sharing, doxxing, and trolling result in severe psychological and reputational harm. While existing laws provide some safeguards, they struggle to keep pace with rapidly evolving digital threats. Through the lens of law and economics, cyber harassment is a negative externality within the digital ecosystem wherein the cost of harm is not borne by either the perpetrator or the platform. This paper therefore situates legal adequacies within broader questions of incentive structures and market failure in digital environments. This paper examines cyber harassment against women and evaluates the adequacy of the Information Technology Act, 2000, and allied provisions. It analyzes judicial interpretations, explores challenges posed by emerging technologies like Generative AI, and assesses intermediary liability frameworks and content blocking mechanisms. The paper identifies critical gaps including procedural delays, inadequate awareness, and insufficient oversight mechanisms. It argues for comprehensive reforms including specialized prosecution units, expedited judicial remedies, robust oversight mechanisms, and proactive digital literacy programs. Addressing cyber harassment requires a gender-responsive legal framework that synchronizes institutional capacity with social measures to create safer digital spaces aligned with principles of gender justice and digital inclusion.

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a percepção de servidores públicos municipais das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS’s) e de servidores administrativos das Se…

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a percepção de servidores públicos municipais das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS’s) e de servidores administrativos das Secretarias Municipais do Município de Serranópolis do Iguaçu (PR), em relação à qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT). Por meio de uma pesquisa quantitativa, com a participação de 124 servidores públicos municipais, foram mensuradas a percepção geral e as percepções dos domínios físico/saúde, psicológico, pessoal e profissional, por meio de um questionário estruturado com a escala Likert de cinco pontos. Os resultados encontrados indicam uma percepção neutra/satisfatória da QVT, em geral (3,59/5,0), com boa satisfação (4,0/5,0) em todos os subgrupos no domínio pessoal. A percepção de QVT é diferente entre os grupos de trabalhadores, mesmo em ambientes semelhantes (UBS’s). Os resultados apresentados podem subsidiar a tomada de ações inerentes à gestão de recursos humanos de servidores públicos municipais

The rapid expansion of social media platforms in India has reshaped how citizens engage with governance, political discourse, and public policy processes. With more than 800 million internet users and…

The rapid expansion of social media platforms in India has reshaped how citizens engage with governance, political discourse, and public policy processes. With more than 800 million internet users and widespread smartphone penetration, digital platforms such as Twitter (now X), Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp have become critical arenas for agenda setting, mobilization, advocacy, and governmental communication. This research examines the multifaceted influence of social media on public policy in India, exploring its role in participatory governance, citizen driven campaigns, government outreach, digital activism, and policy feedback mechanisms. The paper analyses how online movements such as the India Against Corruption campaign, #MeTooIndia, environmental protests, and COVID-19 crisis communication have shaped both policy responses and political accountability. It also discusses how government officials employ social media for policy dissemination, sentiment tracking, and digital governance initiatives. Through a qualitative analysis of existing literature, government documents, and media sources, this paper argues that social media has become a significant instrument in India’s policy landscape. While digital platforms have expanded democratic participation, they have simultaneously introduced new governance challenges requiring regulatory attention. The study concludes that social media will continue to shape public policy in India, demanding adaptive strategies for inclusive, transparent and accountable digital governance. This paper examines how social media influences public policy in India from agenda-setting and public opinion shaping to policy communication, feedback loops, and direct political mobilization. While social media has enabled broader citizen participation and enhanced transparency, it also introduces challenges like misinformation, polarization, digital manipulation, unequal access, and threats to democratic deliberation. The paper aims to provide a balanced analysis of the transformative role of social media in governance.

Unrefereed analytic candidate: exact-leaf-conditioned order and phase-dependent moments for critical Tokunaga trees with c>1; a positive geometric prefactor for deterministic limiting Kingman branc…

Unrefereed analytic candidate: exact-leaf-conditioned order and phase-dependent moments for critical Tokunaga trees with c>1; a positive geometric prefactor for deterministic limiting Kingman branch densities. Supplied review actioned; internal symbolic/rational and numerical stability diagnostics, not formal or independent verification. No joint finite-size/order limit, certified decimals, new c=2 register law or empirical river validation. Original prose/data CC0; code MIT.

This thesis studies the Sterile Insect Technique, in which sterile male mosquitoes are released to suppress a wild population. It extends a deterministic ODE model with a constant release rate &Lambda…

This thesis studies the Sterile Insect Technique, in which sterile male mosquitoes are released to suppress a wild population. It extends a deterministic ODE model with a constant release rate Λ to a stochastic differential equation (SDE) model with multiplicative environmental noise. We prove that the SDE model has a unique global positive solution. We also derive a sufficient condition for extinction: if Λ exceeds an explicit stochastic threshold Λ_crit^stoch, the wild population dies out almost surely. Euler–Maruyama simulations confirm this and show that the threshold is conservative compared with the deterministic one. In a second step, now in progress, Λ(t) becomes a control variable in a stochastic optimal control problem that weighs the cost of releases against the size of the wild population. We plan to solve it with the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation and a verification theorem, and to compare the results with deterministic control strategies.

This study examines how discrete emotional states shape investment behaviour among retail investors in Chhattisgarh, India, within a behavioural finance framework. Moving beyond aggregate affect, it a…

This study examines how discrete emotional states shape investment behaviour among retail investors in Chhattisgarh, India, within a behavioural finance framework. Moving beyond aggregate affect, it analyses the influence of happiness, hope, anger, sadness, and fear on risk perception, portfolio allocation, and self-reported performance. Using a cross-sectional survey of 165 investors, primary data were collected through structured Likert-scale instruments. Reliability was confirmed via Cronbach’s alpha. Due to non-normal data, non-parametric methods (Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests) assessed differences in emotional intensities, while Pearson and Spearman correlations estimated relationships between emotional and investment variables. Findings reveal significant variation across emotions, with anger and fear showing higher intensities. Such emotions have a positive correlation with conservative attitudes towards investments, consistent with the theory of loss aversion and affect-based risk assessment. On the other hand, high levels of hope are linked to a lack of readiness for investment in assets involving potential risks, pointing to limited expectations about future developments. These correlations suggest that investment portfolios can be segmented based on different emotions, clustered primarily within low-to-moderate-risk assets. This research adds to the understanding of emotions’ influence at the individual level in a relatively neglected emerging economy, demonstrating how discrete emotions play a unique role in financial decisions.

This article explores the intricate interrelation between language, culture, and translation, focusing on the pragmatic and linguacultural challenges of translating phraseological units containing som…

This article explores the intricate interrelation between language, culture, and translation, focusing on the pragmatic and linguacultural challenges of translating phraseological units containing somatisms (body-part terms) from English into Uzbek and vice versa. Somatisms represent one of the oldest and most culturally saturated layers of the lexicon in any language, serving as a primary tool for conceptualizing the human experience. However, because body parts acquire metaphorical and idiomatic meanings that are strictly unique to specific linguistic communities, their literal translation often leads to pragmatic failure and semantic distortion. Through a comparative and contrastive analysis, this study examines how concepts of the eye, heart, head, and hand function within the phraseological systems of both languages. The findings reveal that achieving pragmatic equivalence requires a deep understanding of the source culture's conceptual worldview and the employment of translation strategies such as idiomatic replacement, analogical substitution, and descriptive paraphrasing.

This software contains the coupling layer between the Parallel Data Assimilation Framework (PDAF) and the NCAR HAO Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIE-GCM). It is a …

This software contains the coupling layer between the Parallel Data Assimilation Framework (PDAF) and the NCAR HAO Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIE-GCM). It is a dependency of the TIE-GCM-PDAF fork, which compiles it together with TIE-GCM into a single executable. It contains no makefiles and cannot be built or run on its own; to perform TIE-GCM simulations with PDAF, refer to the fork.