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This release supports “Energy–field compatibility and geometric heating in copper nanopowder production by electrical wire explosion” by Wenli Zhu, Jiann-Wen Woody Ju and Aihua Zhang…

This release supports “Energy–field compatibility and geometric heating in copper nanopowder production by electrical wire explosion” by Wenli Zhu, Jiann-Wen Woody Ju and Aihua Zhang. Start with README_TRANSFER.md for the actual download layout. Download the data/code/validation archive (01), the current figure-source archive (07), nine EEW_TRANSFER_Z*_native_files.zip archives, and the byte parts for any of the six large native models you need. The 53 parts are at most 50 MB each; the supplied Python standard-library script verifies and reassembles each complete MPH file to its original SHA-256. The optional original component 06 duplicates part of this same model set. Original seven-component build indexes are retained for provenance; the transfer manifest maps the downloadable alternatives to the same native files. This release contains 35 native COMSOL files: 26 completed 3D cases, two range-limited solved thermal-ALE prefixes, two unsolved reconstruction inputs, and five radial/benchmark files. It also provides experimental input tables, retained waveform records, microscopy and apparatus image assets, analysis and plotting code, numerical outputs and verification records. Experimental observations, graphical reconstructions and conditional numerical results are distinguished. The 3D prescribed-liquid heating controls, thermal-ALE prefixes and compressible solved prefixes are not a calibrated full-explosion, breakup or particle-yield prediction. Related records 10.5281/zenodo.23040007 and 10.5281/zenodo.22959714 by Wenli Zhu, Jiann-Wen Woody Ju and Liang Zhu draw on the same experimental archive; shared inputs are documented and must not be counted as independent replication. Own data, documentation, native models and figures are CC BY 4.0; own code is MIT, with retained third-party notices. Commercial software is required separately (COMSOL 6.4 and MATLAB R2026a). Private report and manuscript files, administrative material, credentials and copyrighted reference-paper full texts are excluded. Codex (OpenAI) assisted code, documentation and figure preparation; numerical results originate from the stated COMSOL solutions and MATLAB analyses, and the authors reviewed the outputs. Contact: zhuwenli@ucla.edu.

Dolzarbligi. Chakka-pastki jag‘ bo‘g‘imi kasalliklari nafaqat bo‘g‘im tuzilmalaridagi o‘zgarishlar, balki chaynov mushaklari faoliyatining buzilishi bilan ham kecha…

Dolzarbligi. Chakka-pastki jag‘ bo‘g‘imi kasalliklari nafaqat bo‘g‘im tuzilmalaridagi o‘zgarishlar, balki chaynov mushaklari faoliyatining buzilishi bilan ham kechadigan murakkab klinik holatlar guruhidir. So‘nggi yillarda olib borilgan tadqiqotlarda og‘riq, mushaklarning bioelektrik faolligi, mushaklarning mexanik xususiyatlari, tishlash kuchi va chaynash samaradorligidagi o‘zgarishlar ushbu kasalliklarning muhim tarkibiy qismlari sifatida ko‘rsatilgan. Mazkur maqolada chakka-pastki jag‘ bo‘g‘imi kasalliklarida chaynov mushaklari disfunksiyasining klinik, funksional va morfologik ahamiyati tahlil qilindi. Maqsad. Chakka-pastki jag‘ bo‘g‘imi kasalliklarida chaynov mushaklarida yuzaga keladigan funksional va strukturaviy o‘zgarishlarni, ularning og‘riq va jag‘ funksiyasi bilan bog‘liqligini hamda zamonaviy diagnostika va davolashdagi ahamiyatini umumlashtirish. Materiallar va usullar. Consensus ilmiy qidiruv tizimi orqali chakka-pastki jag‘ bo‘g‘imi kasalliklari, chaynov mushaklari, elektromiografiya, mushak morfologiyasi, chaynash funksiyasi, bruksizm va og‘riq mexanizmlariga oid ilmiy adabiyotlar tahlil qilindi. Qidiruv natijasida 1,1 milliondan ortiq ilmiy ish aniqlangan, ulardan 1300 ga yaqin maqola tegishli va sifat mezonlariga mos deb baholangan hamda yakuniy sintez uchun 50 ta maqola tanlangan. _ (55) Natijalar. Tahlil chakka-pastki jag‘ bo‘g‘imi kasalliklarida chaynov mushaklari disfunksiyasi keng tarqalganligini ko‘rsatdi. Ayniqsa og‘riqli shakllarda tinch holatda chaynov va chakka mushaklari faolligining oshishi, maksimal tishlash vaqtida esa mushak faolligining pasayishi kuzatiladi. Chaynov mushagining qattiqligi oshishi, ayrim bemorlarda tishlash kuchining kamayishi, chaynash samaradorligining pasayishi va mushaklar faoliyatining assimetriyasi qayd etilgan. Yuzaki elektromiografiya, ultratovush tekshiruvi va magnit-rezonans tomografiya mushaklardagi guruhlararo farqlarni aniqlash imkonini beradi, biroq ularning individual bemorda mustaqil diagnostik biomarker sifatidagi aniqligi hali yetarli darajada isbotlanmagan. [3,4,10,14,31] Xulosa. Chaynov mushaklari disfunksiyasi chakka-pastki jag‘ bo‘g‘imi kasalliklarining ikkilamchi belgisi emas, balki kasallikning klinik kechishi va funksional buzilishlarida muhim o‘rin tutuvchi komponent hisoblanadi. Zamonaviy yondashuv bo‘g‘im, mushak, asab tizimi, og‘riq mexanizmlari va bemorning individual omillarini yagona tizim sifatida baholashni talab qiladi.

ABSTRACT: The mounting urgency surrounding environmental degradation and climate change has catalysed a fundamental transformation in both corporate strategy and consumer decision-making.Green marketi…

ABSTRACT: The mounting urgency surrounding environmental degradation and climate change has catalysed a fundamental transformation in both corporate strategy and consumer decision-making.Green marketing helps businesses be more environmental friendly in all their marketing activities. It connects business sustainability with what consumers care about . Many students have looked marketing but few have focused on how its different parts make consumers willing to pay more for eco- friendly products. This is especially true in emerging markets where people are worried about affordability and the environment. This study looks at how green marketing practices, such as products, prices, promotions and more effect consumers willingness to pay a premium . It also looks at how strong a brand’s in consumer minds. We collected data from 102 people of ages and backgrounds. Most of them were young, aged 18-25.They live in an emerging market. The study uses atheory that says stimulus or something that happens affects how people feel and then respond. Our initial analysis shows that 76% of respondent are willing to pay a more for green products. Some people still care about prices. We will use numbers and statistics to understand how each part of marketing affects willingness to pay. We want to help marketers, policy makers and sustainability experts make a commercial goals match the United Nations Sustainable development Goals(SDGs). Green marketing is key, Green product matter, Green price is important, Green promotion counts , Green Place has an impact , Green people make a differeneces, Green process is crucial , Green physical evidence plays a role  

This working paper examines how national maritime law gives effect to international maritime obligations. It distinguishes domestic legislation and administrative authority from the international rule…

This working paper examines how national maritime law gives effect to international maritime obligations. It distinguishes domestic legislation and administrative authority from the international rules governing jurisdiction, navigation, resource use and environmental protection. The central question is how States organise implementation while respecting the rights and obligations established by international law. The analysis considers the different responsibilities exercised by coastal, flag and port States, emphasising that each operates within a specific legal framework. It explains why sovereign rights in an exclusive economic zone differ from territorial sovereignty and why national legislation cannot independently enlarge international enforcement powers. The paper investigates the institutional connections required between legislatures, maritime administrations, enforcement agencies, courts and diplomatic authorities. It identifies legal clarity, coordination, expertise and continuity as relevant conditions for translating international commitments into accountable domestic decisions. Its argument is that implementation failures require diagnosis: an absent legal power, an unclear procedure and inadequate resources demand different remedies. Political unwillingness must likewise be distinguished from institutional incapacity. The contribution is a framework for examining national implementation as an essential component of maritime diplomacy. It connects legal obligations with competent authorities and observable performance, providing foundations for subsequent analysis of compliance, enforcement and institutional reform.

Dolzarbligi: Skelet III sinf malokkluziyasi o‘sish davridagi bemorlarda maksillyar retruziya, mandibulyar prognatizm yoki ularning kombinatsiyasi natijasida yuzaga keladigan sagittal kraniofasia…

Dolzarbligi: Skelet III sinf malokkluziyasi o‘sish davridagi bemorlarda maksillyar retruziya, mandibulyar prognatizm yoki ularning kombinatsiyasi natijasida yuzaga keladigan sagittal kraniofasial nomutanosiblik hisoblanadi. Erta ortopedik davolashning asosiy maqsadi maksillyar kompleksning oldinga yo‘naltirilgan o‘sishini rag‘batlantirish, sagittal jag‘lararo nomutanosiblikni kamaytirish hamda dental kompensatsiyani nazorat qilishdan iborat. Protraksion yuz maskasi ko‘pincha tezkor maksillyar kengaytirish (RME - Rapid Maxillary Expansion), gibrid Hyrax yoki boshqa maksillyar kengaytiruvchi apparatlar bilan majmuaviy ravishda qo‘llaniladi. Maqsad: O‘sish davridagi III sinf skelet malokkluziyasida protraksion yuz maskasi hamda maksillyar kengaytirish protokollarining qisqa, o‘rta va uzoq muddatli skelet-dental samaradorligini, dental kompensatsiya darajasini, yumshoq to‘qimalar va yuqori nafas yo‘llariga ta’sirini, shuningdek Alt-RAMEC va skelet ankoraji (anchorage) kabi zamonaviy modifikatsiyalarning klinik o‘rnini umumlashtirish hamda tizimlashtirishdan iborat. Materiallar va usullar: 2015–2026-yillarda nashr etilgan klinik tadqiqotlar, randomizatsiyalangan nazoratli tadqiqotlar (RCT), sistematik sharhlar va meta-tahlillar PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library va ilmiy bibliografik manbalar orqali strukturallashgan tartibda izlandi. Scopus va Web of Science bazalari uchun oldindan belgilangan qidiruv strategiyalari tayyorlandi, biroq ushbu bazalarning abonentlik shartlariga bog‘liq to‘liq eksport imkoniyati mavjud bo‘lmagani sababli ularning aniq natijalar soni ko‘rsatilmadi. Identifikatsiya, skrining, muvofiqlikni baholash va dalillarni sintez qilish jarayonlarini tavsiflashda PRISMA 2020 tamoyillari qo‘llanildi. Asosiy natijaviy ko‘rsatkichlar sifatiga SNA, SNB, ANB burchaklari, Wits ko‘rsatkichi, overjet va overbite kiritildi; qo‘shimcha ko‘rsatkichlar esa tishlarning ogʻishi, yumshoq to‘qima parametrlari, nafas yo‘llari o‘lchamlari, bemorlarning apparatni taqish tartibiga rioya qilishi, nojo‘ya ta’sirlar va uzoq muddatli barqarorlikdan iborat bo‘ldi. Natijalar: Mavjud ilmiy dalillar yuz maskasi terapiyasi o‘sish davridagi III sinf bemorlarda qisqa muddatli davrda sezilarli sagittal skelet va dental korreksiyani ta’minlashini ko‘rsatadi. Cochrane sistematik sharhida 29 ta RCT va 1169 nafar bola tahlil qilingan bo‘lib, konservativ ortodontik davolash usullari davolanmagan nazorat guruhiga nisbatan overjet va ANB ko‘rsatkichlari bo‘yicha sezilarli ijobiy siljish bergan [1]. Yuz maskasining asosiy skelet samarasi SNA burchagining ortishi va SNB burchagining kamayishi bilan namoyon bo‘ladi [2, 3]. RME + yuz maskasi kombinatsiyasi keng amaliyotda qo‘llansada, RME qo‘shilishining barcha bemorlarda qo‘shimcha sagittal skelet samarasi bir xil emasligi aniqlangan [1, 4]. Uzoq muddatli meta-tahlillarda 3 yildan keyin yuqori jag‘ning sagittal protraksion ta’siri pasayishi mumkinligi qayd etilgan [5, 6]. Shu bilan birga, ayrim uzoq muddatli klinik kuzatuvlarda erishilgan davolash natijalarining muayyan qismi saqlanib qolgani kuzatilgan [7, 8]. Alt-RAMEC protokoli an’anaviy RMEga nisbatan ayrim statistik afzalliklarni namoyon etgan bo‘lsada, 2026-yilgi yangi meta-tahlil ushbu farqning klinik ahamiyati cheklanganligini ko‘rsatdi [9]. Yumshoq to‘qimalar va nafas yo‘llari bo‘yicha o‘tkazilgan so‘nggi tadqiqotlar qo‘shimcha funksional va estetik yaxshilanishlar mavjudligini tasdiqlaydi [10, 11]. Xulosa: Protraksion yuz maskasi o‘sish davridagi, ayniqsa maksillyar retruziya ustun bo‘lgan III sinf skelet malokkluziyasida yuqori samaradorlikka ega erta ortopedik davolash usulidir. RME yoki boshqa kengaytiruvchi apparatlarni qo‘llash transversal yetishmovchilik mavjud bo‘lganda klinik jihatdan to‘la asoslanadi, biroq ularni yuz maskasining universal kuchaytiruvchisi sifatida talqin qilish to‘g‘ri emas. Alt-RAMEC protokolining an’anaviy RMEga nisbatan qo‘shimcha afzalligi bo‘lishi mumkin, ammo uning klinik jihatdan keskin ustunligi hali qat’iy isbotlanmagan. Uzoq muddatli natijalar pastki jag‘ning (mandibula) o‘sish sur’ati, skelet yetilishi (skeletal maturation), boshlang‘ich fenotip, komplayens va retensiya rejimiga doir omillarga bevosita bog‘liqdir.

The ZERO project (citiZen-centric Energy gRid Optimization) addresses the socio-technical challenges that come with the municipality of Arnhem's transition toward a renewable energy system. ZERO respo…

The ZERO project (citiZen-centric Energy gRid Optimization) addresses the socio-technical challenges that come with the municipality of Arnhem's transition toward a renewable energy system. ZERO responds to this with a citizen-centric, bottom-up approach. Instead of treating grid optimisation as a purely technical problem, the project works with residents to co-develop an Urban Energy Covenant (UEC), a shared, collectively designed agreement on how the neighbourhood manages its energy use.  Central to this approach is a thorough, anthropological understanding of the neighbourhood itself, its residents' motivations, routines, and everyday relationship to energy, before any technical or behavioural intervention is designed. The aim of this visual report is to centre residents’ livelihoods. It is based on over 50 qualitative interviews. These insights are essential for understanding and recognizing existing dynamics and relationships around energy sharing before designing interventions in the neighbourhood.

Akershus Cardiac Examination (ACE) 5 Study: Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial of Lung Cancer Screening Plus Program to Improve Cardiovascular Risk Profile and Health in Individuals With Heavy Smok…

Akershus Cardiac Examination (ACE) 5 Study: Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial of Lung Cancer Screening Plus Program to Improve Cardiovascular Risk Profile and Health in Individuals With Heavy Smoking History Individuals with extensive smoking history have 2- to 3-fold increased risk of dying prematurely compared to age- and gender-matched peers. Historical data indicate that 55% of heavy smokers will die from cardiovascular disease (CVD), while approximately 5% will die from lung cancer. Lung cancer screening programs are currently being implemented worldwide, but efforts to reduce also CVD are not included. The research group behind the ACE 5 Study are affiliated with the study team behind the implementation study of lung cancer screening in Norway ("Tidlig oppdagelse av lungekreft [TIDL]"). The TIDL Study have performed non-contrast, non-cardiac chest CT-based screening for lung cancer in 1000 individuals. Prior studies have demonstrated that a visual four-group classification of coronary artery calcification using non-contrast, non-cardiac chest CT images provide an easily available, non-invasive surrogate index for subclinical and established chronic coronary syndrome. Accordingly, the 2024 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for chronic coronary syndrome promotes that opportunistic screening for atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) should be performed when non-contrast, non-cardiac chest CT images are available ("IIa recommendation"). The investigators will now invite TIDL participants for a second study, the Akershus Cardiac Examination (ACE) 5 Study, which will assess whether intervention also against ASCVD ("Lung Cancer Screening Plus Program") will improve cardiovascular risk profile and cardiovascular health in individuals with heavy smoking history. The ACE 5 Study will be a separate study with separate protocol and consent as the ACE 5 Study will focus on the prevention of CVD in individuals with heavy smoking history as add-on to lung cancer screening. The ACE 5 Study will assess the combined effect of (1) non-contrast, non-cardiac chest CT images as basis for ASCVD detection, and (2) the value of a hospital-based, nurse-led follow-up program to improve cardiovascular risk profile and cardiovascular health in individuals with heavy smoking history. Whether a Lung Cancer Screening Plus Program can improve cardiovascular risk profile and indices of improved cardiovascular health compared to the current strategy/standard in individuals with heavy smoking history is currently not known. The primary endpoint relates to status for cardiovascular risk profile after 1-year follow-up, and the study will use pre-defined cutoffs for the different risk factors based on relevant European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines, especially the 2021 ESC guidelines for primary prevention and the 2024 ESC guidelines for chronic coronary syndrome.

Many political surveys rely on post-stratification, raking or related weighting adjustments to align respondents with the target population. But when respondents differ from nonrespondents on the outc…

Many political surveys rely on post-stratification, raking or related weighting adjustments to align respondents with the target population. But when respondents differ from nonrespondents on the outcome itself (nonignorable nonresponse), these adjustments can fail, introducing bias even into basic descriptives. We provide a practical method that corrects for nonignorable nonresponse by leveraging response-propensity proxies (e.g., a respondent’s rating of the interview or interviewer-coded cooperativeness) observed among respondents to extrapolate toward nonrespondents, while directly integrating observable covariates and retaining the benefits of post-stratification with known population shares. The method generalizes the variable-response-propensity framework of Peress (2010) from binary to ordinal outcomes, which are widely used to measure trust, satisfaction and policy attitudes. The resulting estimator is computed by maximum likelihood and implemented in a compact R routine that handles both ordinal and binary outcomes. Using the 2024 American National Election Study, we show that accounting for nonignorable nonresponse produces substantively meaningful shifts for life satisfaction (estimated latent correlation 𝜌 ≈0.47), while yielding only modest changes for retrospective economic evaluations (𝜌 ≈0.14), highlighting when nonignorable nonresponse substantively affects survey estimates.