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TRAC is a software tool designed to facilitate the collection of time-use data in research studies. It provides an intuitive interface for participants to log their activities, allowing for efficient …

TRAC is a software tool designed to facilitate the collection of time-use data in research studies. It provides an intuitive interface for participants to log their activities, allowing for efficient data collection and analysis in studies.

Maqolada sabzavotchilik klasteri bosh modeli sharoitida yer maydoniga mos texnika vositalarining tarkibi va sonini asoslash hamda mexanizator kadrlarga bo'lgan ehtiyojni aniqlashning yagona metodik yo…

Maqolada sabzavotchilik klasteri bosh modeli sharoitida yer maydoniga mos texnika vositalarining tarkibi va sonini asoslash hamda mexanizator kadrlarga bo'lgan ehtiyojni aniqlashning yagona metodik yondashuvi taklif etilgan. Texnika va kadrlar ehtiyoji o'zaro bog'liq tizim sifatida ko'rib chiqilgan. Agrotexnik muddatlar, ish hajmi, mashinalarning ish unumdorligi, foydalanish koeffitsiyentlari va iqtisodiy mezonlarga asoslangan hisoblash ketma-ketligi keltirilgan. Metodika klaster tarkibidagi fermer va xo'jaliklar uchun texnika parkini optimallashtirish, mashinalardan foydalanish samaradorligini oshirish va malakali mexanizatorlarga bo'lgan talabni oldindan rejalashtirish imkonini beradi.

Background Uncertainty quantification is central to evidence synthesis for risk assessment and policy-making. Frequentist meta-analysis - currently predominant in epidemiology - quantifies uncertainty…

Background Uncertainty quantification is central to evidence synthesis for risk assessment and policy-making. Frequentist meta-analysis - currently predominant in epidemiology - quantifies uncertainty through confidence intervals, while Bayesian meta-analysis provides posterior distributions. We performed frequentist and Bayesian meta-analyses to compare uncertainty quantification and applicability for risk assessment using lead exposure and children’s IQ as a case study. Methods We systematically searched PubMed and Scopus for epidemiological studies on blood lead level (BLL) and IQ score in children. After screening, risk of bias (RoB) in the identified studies was assessed and regression coefficients were harmonised to the scale. In both meta-analyses, we included the same effect estimates, assumed a multilevel structure and used random-effects models. The Bayesian meta-analysis employed a hierarchical model with weakly-informative priors. Sensitivity analyses examined robustness to RoB and prior specification. and were estimated as measures of between-study heterogeneity. Results Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis. The frequentist model yielded a pooled estimate of -2.45 (95% confidence interval: -3.82 to -1.08) IQ points per unit increase in -transformed BLL (µg/dL) and a 95% predictive interval of -6.53 to 1.53. The Bayesian model yielded a mean pooled estimate of -2.28 (95% credible interval: -3.54 to -1.04) and a 95% predictive interval of -6.28 to 1.69. Between-study heterogeneity was substantial (frequentist: = 3.32, = 85.0%; Bayesian: posterior median = 3.26, = 84.7%). The Bayesian approach provided a full posterior distribution for heterogeneity, directly quantifying uncertainty from between-study variation. Sensitivity analyses showed both meta-analyses were robust to RoB, and Bayesian estimates were insensitive to tested priors. Depending on the specified prior configuration, the Bayesian model was less sensitive to studies reporting substantial uncertainty, resulting in a lower pooled effect compared to the frequentist model. This regularisation is particularly valuable in small meta-analyses, where frequentist heterogeneity estimates can be unstable. Conclusions We provide updated pooled estimates for the effect of lead on children’s IQ. The Bayesian framework provides posterior distributions, enabling direct probability statements, e.g. about exceeding risk thresholds, and comparative assessments between pollutants. These features are particularly valuable for risk assessment and policy-making.

Charla divulgativa para centros de secundaria impartida en el curso 2025-2026 en varios centros de Cantabria dentro del ciclo Expandiendo la Ciencia del Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria. 

Compositional generalization asks whether familiar structure can still be reused when familiar pieces appear in combinations absent during fitting. In world model dynamics, this becomes a question of …

Compositional generalization asks whether familiar structure can still be reused when familiar pieces appear in combinations absent during fitting. In world model dynamics, this becomes a question of whether directed effects among semantic changes can be recombined without learning every pairing separately. Message suppression reveals the individual effects in a common prediction space, where their sum can be compared with the ordered joint effect. The reconstruction stays accurate even when the exact ordered pair is withheld during fitting while both constituents remain familiar. A frozen test on fresh contexts reproduces the pattern. Overall, the evidence supports functional reuse across unseen ordered combinations while leaving deeper composition, causal claims, and transfer to other domains open.

Актуальность. Зависимость от синтетических психостимуляторов сопровождается выраженными изменениями психоэмоционального состояния и нарушениями когнитивного функционирования. Особый интерес представля…

Актуальность. Зависимость от синтетических психостимуляторов сопровождается выраженными изменениями психоэмоционального состояния и нарушениями когнитивного функционирования. Особый интерес представляет изучение нарушений внимания, памяти и исполнительных функций у лиц, употребляющих различные представители синтетических катинонов, поскольку характер и выраженность нейрокогнитивных нарушений могут зависеть от фармакологических свойств вещества, длительности его употребления и интенсивности потребления. Цель исследования — изучить особенности нейрокогнитивного функционирования у пациентов с зависимостью от синтетических психостимуляторов с учетом употребляемого психоактивного вещества. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 60 пациентов с синдромом зависимости от синтетических психостимуляторов в возрасте от 20 до 45 лет. В зависимости от преимущественно употребляемого вещества пациенты были распределены на две группы: 30 пациентов с зависимостью от мефедрона и 30 пациентов с зависимостью от α-PVP. Контрольную группу составили 30 практически здоровых лиц сопоставимого возраста и пола. Для оценки когнитивных функций использовали Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), тесты на непосредственное и отсроченное воспроизведение слов, цифровой тест на скорость переработки информации и тесты оценки исполнительных функций. Статистический анализ включал сравнение групп и корреляционный анализ. Результаты. У пациентов с зависимостью от синтетических психостимуляторов выявлено снижение общего когнитивного показателя по MoCA, наиболее выраженное в доменах внимания, рабочей памяти, отсроченного воспроизведения и исполнительных функций. Средний показатель MoCA в основной группе составил 24,1±2,3 балла против 28,0±1,2 балла в контрольной группе (p<0,001). При сравнении подгрупп более выраженное снижение когнитивных показателей наблюдалось у пациентов с зависимостью от α-PVP. Выявлена обратная корреляционная связь между длительностью зависимости и показателями внимания, рабочей памяти и исполнительных функций. Заключение. Зависимость от синтетических психостимуляторов сопровождается комплексом нейрокогнитивных нарушений, преимущественно затрагивающих внимание, рабочую память, скорость обработки информации и исполнительный контроль. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о целесообразности включения нейропсихологического обследования в комплексную оценку пациентов с зависимостью от синтетических психостимуляторов.

Dataset contains data related to the ZIF-8 Functionalized with Eucalyptol and Thymol for AntibacterialApplications. Dataset consists of pictures in tiff format, and spredsheets in csv format.

The reported construction-material factory linked to Russian investment near Bali's Tahura Ngurah Rai highlights a recurring difficulty in environmental governance: the coexistence of land certificate…

The reported construction-material factory linked to Russian investment near Bali's Tahura Ngurah Rai highlights a recurring difficulty in environmental governance: the coexistence of land certificates, business registrations, spatial restrictions and conservation boundaries. This article examines the legal consequences of that overlap through normative legal research using statutory, conceptual and documentary case approaches. The analysis considers the September 2025 inspection and follow-up reporting, the 2023-2043 Bali spatial plan, the 2024 conservation-law amendment and the risk-based licensing regulation enacted in 2025. A four-gate legality test is proposed, requiring separate examination of conservation status, land tenure, spatial conformity and environmental and business authorizations. Public reporting supports the existence of a disputed site and temporary enforcement measures; it does not establish a final court judgment, the definitive status of each certificate or quantified ecological harm. A lease or OSS record cannot independently authorize manufacturing on land whose governing legal designation prohibits that use. Effective enforcement depends on geospatial verification, coordinated documentary review, reasoned interim measures and scientifically supported restoration where harm is demonstrated. The resulting framework links investment certainty to enforceable coastal conservation without treating nationality as a substitute for a legal element.

Outcome-Based Education (OBE) becomes meaningful only when stated learning outcomes are connected to a transparent method of assessment, attainment calculation, and follow-up action. In practice, inst…

Outcome-Based Education (OBE) becomes meaningful only when stated learning outcomes are connected to a transparent method of assessment, attainment calculation, and follow-up action. In practice, institutions often define Course Outcomes (COs), Program Outcomes (POs), and Program-Specific Outcomes (PSOs) correctly but face difficulty in converting marks, survey responses, and mapping values into an attainment process that faculty can apply consistently. This paper presents a practical framework for that task. It brings together CO-PO-PSO mapping, direct and indirect assessment, threshold-based attainment levels, programme-level aggregation, and gap analysis within one operational workflow. Direct evidence is drawn from Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA) and Term End Examination (TEE), while indirect evidence is obtained through course exit, programme exit, and alumni surveys. The framework also explains how attainment may be handled for project and internship courses, where rubric-based reviews and viva-voce assessment form a substantial part of the evidence. Worked calculations and illustrative charts are used to show how course-level results can be carried forward to PO/PSO attainment and then compared with predefined targets. The purpose is not to report the effect of a particular intervention, but to document a repeatable process that supports academic review, curriculum refinement, and continuous improvement under an OBE system.