Our Work

Мужское бесплодие является гетерогенным состоянием, в этиологии которого существенное место занимают генетические нарушения. Особое значение имеют микроделеции длинного плеча Y-хромосомы в области AZF…

Мужское бесплодие является гетерогенным состоянием, в этиологии которого существенное место занимают генетические нарушения. Особое значение имеют микроделеции длинного плеча Y-хромосомы в области AZF (Azoospermia Factor), включающей субрегионы AZFa, AZFb и AZFc. Эти структурные изменения могут нарушать сперматогенез и проявляться необструктивной азооспермией либо тяжелой олигозооспермией. Для Республики Узбекистан до настоящего исследования отсутствовали обобщенные данные о частоте и спектре AZF-микроделеций в клинически значимой выборке мужчин с нарушениями фертильности, что ограничивало возможность региональной адаптации генетической диагностики.

Objective: Understanding impacts of Ag finger metallization and Cu interconnect wire layout on performance and materials.

This data-and-code package supports the study “Urinary DINCH biomarkers and HbA1c in US adults: NHANES 2011–2018”. It contains analysis-ready derived data, statistical scripts, resul…

This data-and-code package supports the study “Urinary DINCH biomarkers and HbA1c in US adults: NHANES 2011–2018”. It contains analysis-ready derived data, statistical scripts, result tables and figures. The analyses cover urinary DINCH biomarker detection and concentration distributions, two-part and categorical HbA1c models, and secondary mortality analyses. This version includes joint exposure tests in HbA1c-restricted populations and a matched MHNCH-plus-MCOCH comparison with the German adult HBM-I value. The README documents data sources, reconstruction steps, software requirements and analytical limitations. Original NHANES XPT files are publicly available from the US National Center for Health Statistics; their expected filenames are documented. No direct personal identifiers are included. Manuscript documents and submission correspondence are not included in this package.

Deutsch: Aufgrund der Datengrösse werden die VISUM-Versionen des NPVM 2023 für den Durchschnittlichen Tagesverkehr (DTV) und die Spitzenstunden im MIV und ÖV separat zur Verfügung…

Deutsch: Aufgrund der Datengrösse werden die VISUM-Versionen des NPVM 2023 für den Durchschnittlichen Tagesverkehr (DTV) und die Spitzenstunden im MIV und ÖV separat zur Verfügung gestellt. Alle weiteren Daten zum nationalen Personenverkehrsmodell (NPVM) 2023 und eine Beschreibung sind unter dieser DOI verfügbar: 10.5281/zenodo.15755931. Update (02.10.2026): Die Dateien des DTV (inkl. Tag und Nacht) wurden aktualisiert. Français: En raison de la taille des données, les versions VISUM du MNTP 2023 pour le trafic journalier moyen (TJM) et les heures de pointe TIM et TP sont mises à disposition séparément. Toutes les autres données relatives au modèle national de trafic voyageurs (MNTP) 2023 ainsi qu'une description des données sont disponibles via ce DOI 10.5281/zenodo.15755931. Update (02.10.2026): Les fichiers du TJM (y compris les états jour et nuit) ont été actualisés. Italiano: A causa delle dimensioni dei dati, le versioni VISUM del MTVN 2023 per il traffico giornaliero medio (TGM) e alle ore di punta TIM e TP sono disponibili separatamente. Tutti gli altri dati relativi al Modello del Traffico Viaggiatori a livello Nazionale (MTVN) 2023 e una descrizione dei dati sono disponibili utilizzando questo DOI 10.5281/zenodo.15755931. Update (02.10.2026): I file del DTV (compresi quelli relativi al giorno e alla notte) sono stati aggiornati. English: Due to the size of the data, the VISUM versions of the national model for passenger traffic 2023 for the average annual daily traffic (AADT) and peak hours for road and public transport are provided separately. All the other data related to the national model for passenger traffic 2023 and a data description are available using this DOI 10.5281/zenodo.15755931. Update (02.10.2026): The files des AADT (incl. day and night) have been updated.

This paper develops a formal mathematical description of the interface between transitions and events. The central problem is to characterize the structural conditions under which an event can be asso…

This paper develops a formal mathematical description of the interface between transitions and events. The central problem is to characterize the structural conditions under which an event can be associated with a transition without assuming that the transition–event correspondence is one-to-one, exhaustive, or structurally trivial.   We introduce a transition space, an event space, and an eligibility relation that determines which events are structurally compatible with a given transition. This relation induces an eligibility fiber over each transition and separates the interface into structurally distinct classes of events. The resulting construction shows that the interface is not adequately represented by a simple pointwise correspondence; it possesses an internal set-theoretic structure. We prove that relations and set-valued maps are equivalent descriptions; that the coverage map factors canonically through the quotient by fiber-equality, so that distinct transitions may collapse onto one event-side structure; that the degenerate interface is exactly the product relation, and count the nondegenerate ones in the finite case; and that every nonempty family of subsets of the event space is realizable as a coverage image. The last result shows that closure, lattice and related properties cannot follow from the interface alone. The paper provides the formal starting point for the subsequent study of structural emptiness, closure, separation, trace and information loss.

ನಾವು ಪ್ರಾಚೀನ ಮತ್ತು ಮಧ್ಯಕಾಲೀನ ಸಂದರ್ಭದ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಬಹು ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ಇತಿಹಾಸದಲ್ಲಿ ಜೈನಧರ್ಮವು ವಹಿಸಿದಂತಹ ಪಾತ್ರ ಮಹತ್ವವಾದದ್ದು. ಸುಮಾರು ಒಂದು ಸಾವಿರ ವರ್ಷಗಳ ಸುದೀರ್ಘ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಅನೇಕ ರಾಜಮನೆತನಗಳ ಆಶ್ರಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಬೆಳೆದ ಈ ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮವು…

ನಾವು ಪ್ರಾಚೀನ ಮತ್ತು ಮಧ್ಯಕಾಲೀನ ಸಂದರ್ಭದ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಬಹು ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ಇತಿಹಾಸದಲ್ಲಿ ಜೈನಧರ್ಮವು ವಹಿಸಿದಂತಹ ಪಾತ್ರ ಮಹತ್ವವಾದದ್ದು. ಸುಮಾರು ಒಂದು ಸಾವಿರ ವರ್ಷಗಳ ಸುದೀರ್ಘ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಅನೇಕ ರಾಜಮನೆತನಗಳ ಆಶ್ರಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಬೆಳೆದ ಈ ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮವು, ಕೇವಲ ಆಧ್ಯಾತ್ಮಿಕ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಕ್ಕೆ ಸೀಮಿತವಾಗದೆ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರದಲ್ಲಿಯೂ ಕ್ರಾಂತಿಕಾರಕ ಬದಲಾವಣೆಗಳನ್ನು ತಂದಿತು. ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಶ್ರವಣಬೆಳಗೊಳ ಪ್ರದೇಶ ಸೇರಿದಂತೆ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಅನೇಕ ಪ್ರದೇಶಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಸಿಕ್ಕಿರುವ ಶಾಸನಗಳು ಹಾಗೂ ಕನ್ನಡದ ಮೊದಲ ಗದ್ಯ ಗ್ರಂಥ ವಡ್ಡಾರಾಧನೆಯಂತಹ ಪ್ರಾಚೀನ ಕನ್ನಡ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ ಕೃತಿಗಳನ್ನು ಅನುಲಕ್ಷಿಸಿ ಜೈನ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಪರಂಪರೆಯನ್ನು ಸಮಗ್ರವಾಗಿ ವಿಶ್ಲೇಷಿಸಲು ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ. ರಾಜಾಶ್ರಯದ ಚಾರಿತ್ರಿಕ ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆ, ಬಸದಿ-ಚೈತ್ಯಾಲಯಗಳು ವಿದ್ಯಾಕೇಂದ್ರಗಳಾಗಿ ರೂಪುಗೊಂಡ ಬಗೆ, ವಿದ್ಯಾಭ್ಯಾಸ ಆರಂಭದ ವಯೋಮಿತಿ, ಗುರು-ಶಿಷ್ಯ ಪರಿಭಾಷೆ, ಬೋಧನಾ ವಿಧಾನ, ಪಠ್ಯಕ್ರಮದ ವ್ಯಾಪ್ತಿ ಮತ್ತು ಸಹ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಪದ್ಧತಿ ಎಂಬ ಆರು ಆಯಾಮಗಳ ಮೂಲಕ ಈ ಅಧ್ಯಯನ ರೂಪುಗೊಂಡಿದೆ. ವೈದಿಕ ಪರಂಪರೆಯ ಜಾತಿ-ಲಿಂಗಾಧಾರಿತ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ನಿರ್ಬಂಧಗಳಿಗೆ ಪ್ರತಿಕ್ರಿಯೆಯಾಗಿ ರೂಪುಗೊಂಡ ಜೈನ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಪದ್ಧತಿ, ಎಲ್ಲರಿಗೂ ಪ್ರವೇಶ, ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಭಾಷೆ, ಮತ್ತು ಎಲ್ಲರನ್ನು ಒಳಗೊಳ್ಳುವ ಮೂಲಕ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಇತಿಹಾಸದಲ್ಲಿ ಶಾಶ್ವತ ಗುರುತನ್ನು ಮೂಡಿಸಿತು ಎಂಬುದರ ಕುರಿತು ಈ ಅಧ್ಯಯನ ನಡೆಸಿದೆ.

Initial public release of the code associated with the manuscript "[Manuscript Title]" (bioRxiv, 2026, DOI: [10.64898/2026.09.25.754065]). This corresponds to the code version used to produc…

Initial public release of the code associated with the manuscript "[Manuscript Title]" (bioRxiv, 2026, DOI: [10.64898/2026.09.25.754065]). This corresponds to the code version used to produce all figures and analyses in the submitted preprint. See the README for setup and usage instructions.

En este trabajo estudiaremos la descripción de un rayo de luz que ingresa por un orificio al interior de una caja cilíndrica a lo largo de un plano interno de paredes simétricas, …

En este trabajo estudiaremos la descripción de un rayo de luz que ingresa por un orificio al interior de una caja cilíndrica a lo largo de un plano interno de paredes simétricas, así como el tiempo que tardaría en hacer su recorrido interno hasta la salida del rayo de luz a través del mismo orificio de entrada.

Continuous measurements of trace gases and PM2.5 aerosols have been conducted on Fukue Island, a remote island in western Japan, since February 2009 (Kanaya et al., 2016; Miyakawa et al., 2023). The o…

Continuous measurements of trace gases and PM2.5 aerosols have been conducted on Fukue Island, a remote island in western Japan, since February 2009 (Kanaya et al., 2016; Miyakawa et al., 2023). The observation site (Fukue site), the Fukue Island Atmospheric Environment Monitoring Station (32.75° N, 128.68° E), was located at the northwestern part of the island. The mass concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5) were measured using a Synchronized Hybrid Ambient Real-time Particulate (SHARP) monitor (model 5030, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., USA) (Kanaya et al., 2016). Black carbon (BC) mass concentrations were measured using a Continuous Soot Monitoring System (COSMOS, model 3130, Kanomax Corp., JP) and a Multi Angle Absorption Photometer (MAAP, model 5012, Thermo Scientific, Inc., USA). According to intercomparison studies between the MAAP and other independent instruments (Kanaya et al., 2013; 2016; Miyakawa et al., 2019), the mass absorption cross-section for the MAAP was modified from the manufacturer's recommendation of 6.6 to 10.3 m2 g-1. BC observations using MAAP and COSMOS were evaluated using a Single Particle Soot Photometer (Droplet Measurement Technologies, Colorado, USA) (Miyakawa et al., 2017; 2019). Based on the above evaluations, Kanaya et al. (2020) unified BC concentration records from MAAP and COSMOS to minimize data gaps caused by failures in individual measurements. In this study, we used a “unified” dataset of BC concentrations. Details of the PM2.5 and BC measurements are outlined in Kanaya et al. (2016; 2020), which revealed that the elevated PM2.5 and BC concentrations at the observation site were mainly affected by the transboundary transport of polluted air masses from the Asian continent (i.e., long-range transport) with a negligible impact from local emission sources (e.g., Kanaya et al., 2016). The elemental compositions of PM2.5 and PM10 aerosols were measured using a Continuous Particulate Monitor with X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis (PX-375, Horiba Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). The basic information on the instrumental design is described in Asano et al. (2017) and Miyakawa et al. (2023; 2025). However, the instrument can be briefly described as follows: PX-375 consists of a collection unit for aerosol particles on a filter, a measurement unit for the mass of the collected aerosol particles, and an XRF analysis chamber; the filter tape used for particle collection was fabricated by Horiba Ltd. (TFH-01, Horiba Ltd.); and TFH-01 is a polytetrafluoroethylene filter with non-woven fabric polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate backing, which was designed to mechanically strengthen the filter structure. The total aerosol mass collected on the filter was analyzed using a radiocarbon-based beta-ray attenuation method during particle collection. After sampling, a particle-laden spot on the filter was transferred into the XRF analysis chamber by advancing the filter roll tape and then analyzed based on XRF. During the observation period, aerosol particles were collected for 4 h, and XRF analyses were performed with 4000 s of X-ray irradiation at 15 and 50 kV. The typical volume of the sampled air was 4 m3 per particle-laden spot. The limits of detection (LODs) were evaluated by repeated measurements placing the high-efficiency particulate air filter in front of the PX-375 to introduce particle-free air into the PX-375. The LODs were defined as three times the standard deviations of the measured values by the PX-375 at the observation site and were evaluated to be 1.07, 0.07, 0.08, 0.16, 0.33, 1.28, 4.26, 4.80, 1.75, 0.36, 0.07, 0.10, 0.26, and 0.35 ng m-3 for Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Si, S as sulfate, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, and Pb, respectively. The particle-laden spots on the filter roll tape were cut into pieces after the observation period and stored in a refrigerator (at approximately ?20 °C). Particle spots can be reanalyzed using different techniques (e.g., Miyakawa et al., 2023; 2025; Zhu et al., 2021). In this study, particle spots collected during the observations were reanalyzed for calibrations using ambient aerosols with different chemical analyses: ion chromatography (IC) for S (as sulfate) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) for Ti, V, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb (Miyakawa et al., 2025). We placed PX-375 in a newly developed shelter on the rooftop of the observation container at Fukue site. The shelter had two sampling lines for collecting PM2.5 and PM10 aerosols, which were alternately changed in conjunction with the operation of the PX-375 pump. A PM2.5 very sharp cut cyclone (VSCC, Mesa Lab. Inc., Colorado, USA) and EPA Louvered PM10 impactor (SSI2.5, Mesa Lab. Inc., Colorado, USA) were used in this study. The specification and performance of the measurement system were described in elsewhere. Fine and coarse aerosol particles were collected using a high-volume air sampler (HVS; HV-120SL, Kimoto Electric, Ltd., Osaka, Japan) with a single-stage impactor (TE-231, Tisch Environmental, Inc., Ohio, USA). Air sampling was conducted for approximately 5 days on an 8 × 10-inch pre-combusted (900 °C for 3 h) quartz fiber filter (PALLFLEX TISSUQUARTZ 2500QAT-UP, Pall Corp., New York, USA) for fine-mode (PM2.5) particles. We also used a pre-combusted quartz fiber filter with slits (TE-230-QZ, Tisch Environmental, Inc.) on the impaction plate of the TE-231 to collect coarse-mode (>2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter) particles. For the evaluations of PM10 aerosol elemental compositions by PX-375, the analyzed concentrations of PM2.5 and coarse-mode samples collected by the HVS were integrated to derive the total concentrations of element X. The filter samples were stored at -20 °C until further analysis. The IMPACT model (Ito and Miyakawa, 2023; Kurisu et al., 2026; Miyakawa et al., 2023; Ito et al., 2026) was deployed to simulate the three-dimensional distribution of atmospheric composition, including targeted aerosol species/elements such as Fe. Ito and Miyakawa (2023) and Miyakawa et al. (2023) modified anthropogenic Fe emission sources by including metal smelting and expanded its capability to simulate elements other than Fe (e.g., Si, Mn, Cu, and Pb). Kurisu et al. (2026) further modified anthropogenic Fe emission sources beyond smelting processes, leading to increased aerosol Fe content from the road transport and railway sectors (Dubois et al., 2025). The simulated total and water-soluble Fe concentrations were compared with the observations of this study. Source apportionment of Fe in PM2.5, PM5, and PM20 aerosols was also analyzed based on the tagged tracer simulations using the?IMPACT model, which can separately simulate lithogenic (i.e., mineral dust), pyrogenic (i.e., biomass burning), and sector-resolved anthropogenic contributions of Fe to PM2.5, PM5, and PM20. A brief description of the IMPACT model is described as follows. The model simulations were performed using a horizontal resolution of 2.0° × 2.5° (latitude × longitude) and 47 vertical layers. An emission inventory, Community Emissions Data System (CEDS, v-2025-04-18, Hoesly et al., 2025), was used for fine particulate matter and BC emitted from anthropogenic sources. The metal content of PM2.5 aerosols from lithogenic, pyrogenic, and anthropogenic sources was obtained by compiling source-specific aerosol measurements (Ito and Miyakawa, 2023; Dubois et al., 2025; Li et al., 2026). The IMPACT model simulated wet removal processes through in-cloud (e.g., Ito and Xu, 2014) and below-cloud scavenging (Ito and Kok, 2017) processes. In the model simulations, all the metal components for pyrogenic and anthropogenic aerosols in the smallest size bin were removed at the same rates as BC from pyrogenic and anthropogenic sources, respectively, assuming internal mixing of BC and trace elements; thus, removal efficiencies did not differ among elements in anthropogenic aerosols in the smallest size bin (e.g., Ito and Feng, 2010).

Daily IP anycast censuses (IPv4 /24, IPv6 /48) by LACeS, since 21 March 2024. Each census-YYYY-MM.zip holds one month of census files from ut-dacs/anycast-census, which documents their contents and so…

Daily IP anycast censuses (IPv4 /24, IPv6 /48) by LACeS, since 21 March 2024. Each census-YYYY-MM.zip holds one month of census files from ut-dacs/anycast-census, which documents their contents and sources. The census is also available at manycast.net. A new version is added every month.