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Abdulla Oripov asarlarida boy va rang-barang  xalq og‘zaki ijodining har tomonlama keng va chuqur ilhombaxsh ta’sirini ko‘ramiz. Maqolada umrboqiy folklor an’analarining x…

Abdulla Oripov asarlarida boy va rang-barang  xalq og‘zaki ijodining har tomonlama keng va chuqur ilhombaxsh ta’sirini ko‘ramiz. Maqolada umrboqiy folklor an’analarining xalqchil shoir ijodiga samarali ta’siri uch yirik mavzuiy guruhga va bir necha yo‘nalishlarga tasnif qilib tekshiriladi

Ushbu maqolada Shukur Xolmirzayev nasrining epik tafakkur xususiyatlari va voqelikni badiiy talqin etish tamoyillari tahlil qilinadi. Yozuvchining nasriy asarlarida inson va jamiyat munosabati, davr r…

Ushbu maqolada Shukur Xolmirzayev nasrining epik tafakkur xususiyatlari va voqelikni badiiy talqin etish tamoyillari tahlil qilinadi. Yozuvchining nasriy asarlarida inson va jamiyat munosabati, davr ruhi, milliy xarakter, ma’naviy-axloqiy muammolar hamda shaxsning ichki kechinmalarini tasvirlash usullari tadqiq etiladi. Adibning epik tafakkuri obraz yaratish, psixologizm, ichki monolog, portret, peyzaj, badiiy detal va ramziy tasvir kabi poetik vositalar orqali namoyon bo‘lishi yoritiladi. Shukur Xolmirzayevning voqelikni bevosita bayon etishdan ko‘ra, qahramonlarning xatti-harakati, ruhiy holati va munosabatlari orqali ochib berishga intilishi uning badiiy-uslubiy o‘ziga xosligini belgilovchi muhim omil sifatida asoslanadi. Tahlil jarayonida yozuvchining nasriy asarlari, “So‘nggi bekat”, “Qil ko‘prik” romanlariga murojaat qilinib, ularda epik ko‘lam va individual xarakter yaratish mahoratining uyg‘unligi ko‘rsatildi.

Culture and identity are among the most significant categories through which literary texts represent individuals, communities, historical experience, and systems of social values. Literature does not…

Culture and identity are among the most significant categories through which literary texts represent individuals, communities, historical experience, and systems of social values. Literature does not merely reproduce culture as a collection of customs or traditions; it actively interprets cultural experience and participates in the formation, preservation, negotiation, and transformation of collective identities. This article examines the relationship between culture, identity, and literary representation in Uzbek and English literature from a comparative perspective. Particular attention is given to the representation of national identity, historical memory, family and social values, language, religion, gender, colonial experience, and modernization. Uzbek literary representation is discussed primarily through the historical and cultural significance of Abdulla Qodiriy, the Jadid literary movement, and the development of modern Uzbek prose. English literary representation is considered through broader traditions of English cultural writing and through theoretical perspectives developed by scholars such as Raymond Williams, Benedict Anderson, Stuart Hall, Edward Said, Homi K. Bhabha, Mikhail Bakhtin, Clifford Geertz, and Richard Hoggart. The study employs comparative literary analysis, historical-contextual analysis, close reading, and cultural interpretation.

Ushbu maqolada XX asr boshlarida butun Turkistonda yangi kuchga kira boshlagan jadidchilik harakatlari, Abdurauf Fitrat (1886 – 1938)ning faoliyati va ijodining yaqin tarixi, o‘sha davrdag…

Ushbu maqolada XX asr boshlarida butun Turkistonda yangi kuchga kira boshlagan jadidchilik harakatlari, Abdurauf Fitrat (1886 – 1938)ning faoliyati va ijodining yaqin tarixi, o‘sha davrdagi nashrlar va Boybo‘latov hamda unga o‘xshash boshqa sovet mafkurachilarining Fitrat va boshqa mahalliy ziyolilarga bo‘lgan hujumlari bolsheviklar partiyasining yot unsurlarga qarshi harakatlari haqida fikr yuritiladi.

L'Italia sta entrando in una fase di declino demografico strutturale. Secondo le previsioni Istat (base 1° gennaio 2025, scenario mediano), la popolazione residente scenderà da 58,9 milioni…

L'Italia sta entrando in una fase di declino demografico strutturale. Secondo le previsioni Istat (base 1° gennaio 2025, scenario mediano), la popolazione residente scenderà da 58,9 milioni nel 2025 a 55 milioni nel 2050 e a 45,8 milioni nel 2080, mentre la quota di giovani fino a 14 anni si ridurrà dall'11,9% a circa il 10%. L'articolo analizza gli effetti di questa trasformazione sul sistema scolastico italiano agli orizzonti del 2030, 2040 e 2050. Il calo delle nascite si trasmette alla scuola con un ritardo di pochi anni e attraversa progressivamente infanzia, primaria, secondaria di primo grado e superiori. L'analisi distingue tra accorpamento delle autonomie, perdita della dirigenza e chiusura fisica dei plessi. Il dimensionamento già programmato porta le istituzioni scolastiche autonome da 7.461 a 6.886 entro il 2031/32, 575 in meno, senza che questo implichi un numero equivalente di edifici chiusi. Il rischio si concentra nel Mezzogiorno e nelle aree interne, dove la popolazione è prevista in calo rispettivamente da 19,7 a 16,7 milioni e da 13,3 a 11,8 milioni. Qui la scuola svolge anche una funzione di presidio territoriale. Sulla base di tre scenari (prudente, centrale e di forte razionalizzazione), si stima che entro il 2050 il fabbisogno di personale possa ridursi di 104-148 mila posti. Nello scenario centrale il personale strutturale passerebbe da 1,1 milioni a circa 975 mila unità e la spesa per stipendi da 48,8 a 43,3 miliardi di euro annui. Un'appendice economica mostra che la contrazione della forza lavoro potrebbe ridurre il PIL di oltre 300 miliardi in assenza di crescita della produttività. Mostra inoltre che il risparmio sulla scuola equivale ad aumenti retributivi reali dello 0,5% annuo. Le stime hanno valore di scenario e non di previsione ufficiale. La conclusione è che l'esito dipenderà dalla scelta politica tra razionalizzazione della rete e reinvestimento del dividendo demografico nella qualità dell'istruzione.

Background: The persistence of communal conflicts in Nigeria has renewed research interest in indigenous communication practices as locally grounded resources for sustainable peace, yet the specific p…

Background: The persistence of communal conflicts in Nigeria has renewed research interest in indigenous communication practices as locally grounded resources for sustainable peace, yet the specific practices used in communities like Mararaba Udege, Nasarawa State, receive less attention from researchers. Objective: This study examines the indigenous communication practices used for conflict resolution and peacebuilding in Mararaba Udege, Nasarawa L.G.A., Nasarawa State. Method: Anchored in a qualitative case study design, the study examined communicative practices such as oral traditions, proverbs, storytelling, communal dialogues, and the mediatory roles of traditional leaders and elders. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and non-participant observation involving community leaders, women, youth, and other key informants and were analysed using thematic analysis, guided by the Indigenous Communication System Theory (ICST). Result: Masquerades and festivals serve as public enforcement and promote peace communication channels; fines and compensation function as restorative rather than punitive justice; and the council of elders and traditional leadership structures serve as central judicial bodies for conflict resolution. Conclusion: These indigenous communication practices build trust, legitimacy, and local ways of conflict resolution, contributing to violence prevention and peace consolidation in Mararaba Udege, Nasarawa State. Unique Contribution: The study provides empirically grounded documentation of indigenous communication practices in a community affected by conflicts and under-researched, extending ICST to explain how communication legitimacy is locally constructed and sustained. Key Recommendation: Documenting and integrating indigenous communication practices into formal peacebuilding strategies can strengthen local approaches to conflict management in Nigeria, requiring closer collaboration between state institutions, peace practitioners, and local custodians of these practices.

📡 Project Metadata & Search Indexing 📄 Technical Description This repository contains the complete open-hardware engineering manifesto and architectural blueprint for CERN Open Hardware Manifesto:…

📡 Project Metadata & Search Indexing 📄 Technical Description This repository contains the complete open-hardware engineering manifesto and architectural blueprint for CERN Open Hardware Manifesto: The Unified Multiverse Transport Architecture (The Shadow-Raven Complete Mechatronics Stack), managed under permanent global reference DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22972487 [10.5281/zenodo.22972487]. Moving entirely away from traditional automotive glass displays, sacrificial wire fuses, and unshielded copper wiring bundles, this framework establishes a universally scalable, software-defined vehicle and aircraft platform (SDVP) licensed under the CERN Open Hardware Licence (CERN-OHL-W v2) [10.5281/zenodo.22972487]. The optoelectronic flight deck implements a 3D-woven, light-absorbent CarbonBlack Hexagonal Nanotube Mesh canvas paired with an asymmetric N+2 multi-projector grid mounted to a stationary fixed-hub steering/flight column, providing infinite contrast and absolute zero windshield or canopy glare [10.5281/zenodo.22972487]. The display layer is protected by an anti-reflective Sapphire Crystal face (Rockwell 80 hardness) wrapped in a ruby-sapphire crystal border containing a fractal triskele TEG/TENG mesh that recycles laser over-scan heat flux and mechanical cabin/fuselage vibrations straight back into the local power bus [10.5281/zenodo.22969045, 10.5281/zenodo.22972487]. Black-box data logging is handled by a top-access Flight Recorder Matrix consisting of active-mirror, dual-redundant Solid-State Drive (SSD) Cartridges flush-mounted beneath structural Carbon Nano-Fiber (CNF) airframe rails near the A-pillars, paired with an under-mirror 180-degree wide-angle cockpit camera and a triple-sensor micro-microphone array running continuous majority-voting loops over shielded, tri-twisted fiber-optic photon lines [10.5281/zenodo.22949898, 10.5281/zenodo.22972487]. The electrical protection network utilizes an ultra-fast Solid-State Power Distribution Module (SSPDM) featuring Silicon Carbide (SiC) e-Fuses capable of sub-nanosecond transient voltage suppression clamping (<1 nanosecond), managed by a hard-deterministic N+1 parallel backup bypass loop that reroutes power within <0.1 ms during a short-circuit [10.5281/zenodo.22972487]. The engine bay houses an internal, uncooled solid-state micro-LiDAR chip and a MEMS Infrared Thermal bolometer array to map 3D surface deformations and volumetric stator heat maps through their transparent YAG ceramic skins [10.5281/zenodo.22972487]. This spatial data links natively to the Tech-Shield Diagnostics Network, allowing off-site mechatronics mechanics to run real-time 3D voxel-cloud evaluations via an encrypted wireless link that is strictly hardware-locked to a unidirectional read-only state, completely protecting the core driving loops from external cyber-threats [10.5281/zenodo.22972487]. This version integrates advanced material updates: Surface Phonon-Polariton Thermal Waveguides for light-speed heat transfer, Metamaterial Acoustic Vacuum Traps for absolute sound elimination, and Galvanic-Free Carbon-Silicon Molecular Braiding to completely erase structural corrosion vectors. Field maintenance is deskilled through front-facing Field-Replaceable Unit (FRU) cartridges mounted on 120-degree guiding rails and secured via flat-faced iron-silicon magnetic fasteners that form a self-locking solid-state flux cage turning a standard, generic 4mm hex or flat-blade screwdriver into an accessible service tool [NASA NTRS, 10.5281/zenodo.22972487]. Every vehicle comes equipped with a factory-supplied Shielded Service Kit and a secondary External Survival Structural Bay Case enclosed inside a +80dB graphene-tungsten Faraday armor casing containing an electronic smart torque screwdriver and AR smart glasses that auto-align via magnetic pads and charge inductively from the dash [10.5281/zenodo.22972487]. The glasses run automated Computer Vision Tool-Accountability scans to verify inventory, while local pads execute a Zero-Watt Standby Smart Cutoff to eliminate parasitic power waste [10.5281/zenodo.22972487]. Consumed hardware is managed via slot-uncovered QR codes that populate a 1-click open-source parts procurement order, delivering a highly self-sustaining, zero-wear system designed for complete operator autonomy across all scaled mobility profiles from urban pods to aerospace vessels [10.5281/zenodo.22972487].  

Background: Indians are exposed to environmental and psychosocial oxidative stress that triggers the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that systematically deplete the endogenous antioxidant …

Background: Indians are exposed to environmental and psychosocial oxidative stress that triggers the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that systematically deplete the endogenous antioxidant reservoir of glutathione (GSH).   Aim: The present pilot study evaluated the effect of daily oral supplementation with Cellular Prime Liposomal Glutathione (CP Lipo-GSH), formulated using Lipoedge™ technology by West Bengal Chemical Industries Limited (WBCIL), on self-reported skin appearance, energy level and digestive comfort in healthy Indian adults.   Method: Self-reported ratings (0–10 scale; higher = better) for skin look and feel, energy level, and digestive comfort were collected at Week 0 and weekly thereafter for 17 participants who took a 650 mg oral tablet/day.   Results: Of 17 participants, 11 reported improvements in skin look and feel (mean change +1.18 points; p = 0.05), 8 reported improved energy level (mean change +0.65 points; p = 0.301), and 7 reported improvement in digestive comfort, with 5 unchanged and 5 declining (mean change 0.00; p = 1.000). Digestive comfort was fully preserved at the group level.   Conclusion: These preliminary findings indicate that daily CP Lipo-GSH supplementation is associated with a positive trend in self-reported skin appearance in the majority of participants within an Indian consumer population exposed to chronic pollution- and stress-driven oxidative load, with little or no effect on digestive comfort. Larger, controlled trials are required to confirm these observations.

So‘nggi yillarda o‘simliklardan olinadigan dorivor vositalarga ilmiy va amaliy qiziqishning ortishi tabiiy manbalardan ajratib olinadigan biologik faol birikmalarni chuqur o‘rganish …

So‘nggi yillarda o‘simliklardan olinadigan dorivor vositalarga ilmiy va amaliy qiziqishning ortishi tabiiy manbalardan ajratib olinadigan biologik faol birikmalarni chuqur o‘rganish zaruratini yuzaga keltirmoqda. Shu jihatdan, Cucurbitaceae oilasiga mansub Luffa echinata Roxb. noyob va istiqbolli dorivor o‘simliklardan biri sifatida muhim ilmiy ahamiyatga ega. Mazkur tadqiqotda xalq tabobatida keng qo‘llanib kelinayotgan Cucurbitaceae oilasiga mansub Luffa echinata Roxb. o‘simligi mevalari tarkibidagi erkin aminokislotalarni aniqlash va ularning miqdoriy tarkibini o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqot davomida o‘simlik mevalarining suvli ekstraktidan erkin aminokislotalar ajratib olinib, ularning tarkibi va miqdori yuqori samarali suyuqlik xromatografiyasi (YSSX) usuli yordamida aniqlandi. Tahlil natijasida Luffa echinata mevalari tarkibida 20 turdagi erkin aminokislota mavjudligi aniqlanib, ularning umumiy miqdori 10,334 mg/g ni tashkil etdi. Eng yuqori miqdorda glutamin kislota (1,421 mg/g), prolin (1,397 mg/g), alanin (1,153 mg/g) va treonin (1,048 mg/g) aniqlangan. Almashinmaydigan aminokislotalarning umumiy miqdori 36,83% ni tashkil etgan. Olingan natijalar Luffa echinata mevalarining biologik faol aminokislotalarga boy tabiiy manba sifatidagi ilmiy va amaliy ahamiyatini ko‘rsatadi